Transmisión de contenidos 3D sobre televisión digital (DVB)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18046/syt.v11i25.1558Palavras-chave:
3D, 3D TV, DVB, DVB-T2, HD TV.Resumo
En 2019 finalizará la emisión de señales de televisión análoga en Colombia en favor de la Televisión Digital Terrestre [TDT]. Para entonces, se espera que los operadores y la teleaudiencia hayan adoptado por completo la nueva tecnología, y puedan disfrutar de sus beneficios y aprovechar sus oportunidades. Colombia, a partir de un riguroso estudio, consideró al estándar europeo DVB-T2 [Digital Video Broadcast – Terrestrial V.2] idóneo para satisfacer las necesidades y expectativas del mercado local. Distintos aspectos y capacidades del estándar están siendo discutidos y analizados rigurosamente. Entre ellas, la trasmisión de contenidos en tres dimensiones [3D], de manera que los televidentes que posean la tecnología requerida, puedan disfrutar de video estereoscópico de alta definición (HD), similar al que se observa hoy en las salas de cine 3D o IMAX. Este artículo explora las alternativas desarrolladas para brindar este servicio, recopila la información académica y comercial disponible, y explica los principios y técnicas que hacen posible la existencia de esta tecnología.
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JVC (2011, noviembre). 3D Viewing [en línea - JVC]. Recuperado de http://cdn.jvc.eu/dla-x90/feature04.html
Lanman, D., Hirsch, M., Yunhee, K., & Raskar, R. (2010). Content-adaptive parallax barriers: optimizing dual-layer 3D displays using low-rank. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 29(6), 163-173
Lobel, R. (2009, enero). Magenta-Cyan Anaglyphs [en línea - divideconcept.net). Recuperado de http://www.divideconcept.net/papers/MCA-RL09.pdf
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Merkle, P., Smolic, A., & Müller, K. (2007). Efficient prediction structures for multi-view video coding. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 17(11), 1461-1473.
Merkle, P., Smolic, A., Karsten, M., & Thomas, W. (2007). Efficient compression of multi-view depth data based on MVC. En 3DTV Conference, 2007 (pp.1-4). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE
Motive Television. (2011, enero 6). What is the television anytime anywareTM platform? [en línea - Motive Television]. Recuperado de http://www.motivetelevision.co.uk/english/the-platform/
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Redert, A., Berretty, R.-P., Varekamp, C., Willemsen, O.,
Swillens, J., & Driessen, H. (2006). Philips 3D solutions: From content creation to visualization. Third International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (3DPVT’06), (pp. 429-431). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE
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TDVision. (2009). Knowledgebase - Contribution from TDVision Inc. Recuperado de http://www.tdvision.com/WhitePapers/TDVision_Knowledgbase_Public_Release_Rev_2.pdf
Televisió de Catalunya. (2001, Julio 1). TV3 crea l'espai INNOVA, dedicat a les emissions en 3D. Recuperado de http://www.tv3.cat/actualitat/319420
Tri-Delta Group at The Technical University of Denmark. (2010, febrero 21). Anaglyphs: Yellow / Blue. Recuperado de http://nzphoto.tripod.com/sterea/anaglyphs_yb.html
TrioViz. (2012). Infocolor 3D [en línea - TriOviz for games]. Recuperado de http://trioviz-for-games.com/inficolor/
Urey, H., Chellappan, K. V., Erden, E., & Surman, P. (2011). State of the art in stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays. Proceedings of the IEEE, 99(4), 540-555
Vetro, A., Tourapis, A. M., Member, S., Müller, K., & Chen, T. (2011). 3D-TV Content Storage and Transmission. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 57(2), 384-394
Wade, N.J. (1996). Descriptions of visual phenomena from Aristotle to Wheatstone. Perception, 25(10), 1137-1175
Withworth, D. (2010, octubre 1). Sky launches Europe's first 3D TV channel in the UK [en línea - BBC Newsbeat]. Recuperado de http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/11446978
Woods, A.J., & Yuen, K.L. (2006). Compatibility of LCD Monitors with Frame-Sequential Stereoscopic 3D Visualisation [invited paper]. En IMID/IDMC '06 Digest, The 6th International Meeting on Information Display, and The 5th International Display Manufacturing Conference, Daegu, South
Korea, 22-25 August 2006, (pp. 98-102). Seúl, Corea: Korean Information Display Society
Alonso, J. & Bailer, W. (2011, marzo 3). M3Di. Metadata 3D initiative: A proposal for metadata standardization on 3D media [en línea - M3Di]. Recuperado de http://www.m3di.org/
Arai, J., Okano, F., Kawakita, M., Okui, M., Haino, Y., Yoshimura, M., . . . Sato, M. (2010). Integral Three-Dimensional Television Using a 33-Megapixel Imaging System.
Journal of Display Technology, 6(10), 422-430
Bartczak, B., Vandewalle, P., Grau, O., Briand, G., Fournier, J., Kerbiriou, P., . . . Koch, R. (2011). Display-Independent 3D-TV Production and Delivery Using the Layered Depth Video Format. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 57(2), 477-490
Best 3DTVS. (2012, abril 12). 3D TV format guides. Recuperado http://www.best-3dtvs.com/guides/3d-format-guide/
Boylan, C. (2010, marzo 18). 3D TV: Cablevision and MSG to Broadcast Islanders/Rangers Hockey Game in 3D [en línea - Big picture big sound]. Recuperado de http://www.bigpicturebigsound.com/Cablevision-to-Broadcast-3d-rangers.shtml
Bramson, A. & Sterling, C. (2007). The history of television, 1942 to 2000. Jefferson, NC: McFarland
Briel, R (2011, junio 8). Second broadcaster to use Sisvel’s 3D system [en línea - Broadband TV News]. Recuperado de http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/2011/06/08/second-broadcaster-to-use-sisvels-3d-system/
Cable Television Laboratories (2010, agosto 27). Opencable specifications -content encoding profiles 3.0 specification, OC-SP-CEP3.0-I01-100827. Recuperado de http://www.cablelabs.com/specifications/OC-SP-CEP3.0-I01-100827.pdf
Cable Television Laboratories [Cabelabs]. (2012). OpenCableTM specifications. Content encoding profiles 3.0 specification.OC-SP-CEP3.0-I01-100827. Louisville, CO: Cablelabs. Disponible en http://www.cablelabs.com/specifications/OC-SP-CEP3.0-I01-100827.pdf
Cameron, J. [Dir.]. (2009). Avatar [película]. Los Ángeles, CA: 20th Century Fox
Carter, J. (2012, marzo 21). 3D Radar Europe [en línea - Techradar.com]. Recuperado de http://www.techradar.com/news/home-cinema/high-definition/do-we-need-higher-frame-rates-1072784
ColorCode 3D (2012, marzo 12). ColorCode 3D Pro encoding. Recuperado de http://colorcode3d.com/Encoding.html
Demetrio, A. (2010, mayo 23). REDTV passa a transmitir programas em 3D [en línea]. Folha de S.paulo. Recuperado de http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/tec/739663-redetv-passa-a-transmitir-programas-em-3d.shtml
DreamScene.org. (2010). 3D Format Overview. Recuperado de http://www.dreamscene.org/s3dvideo.php?Cmd=Show&site=formats
Dubois, E. (2001). A projection method to generate anaglyph stereo images. En Proceedings of 2001 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP '01), [Vol.3], (pp.1661-1664). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE
DVB Project (2011, marzo). Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Subtitling systems [addition to EN 300743 v1.3.1 for Subtitles with Plano-Stereoscopic Content (3D) [DVB Blue Book]. Recuperado de http://www.dvb.org/technology/standards/A156_DVB-SUB-Addendum_on_3D.pdf
DVB Project. (2010, Julio). Commercial Requirements for DVB 3D TV [DVB Blue book]. Recuperado de http://www.dvb.org/technology/standards/a151_CR_for_DVB-3DTV.pdf
European Telecommunications Standards Institute [ETSI]. (2011). ETSI TS 101 547 V1.1.1 (2012-01). Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) Frame Compatible Plano-Stereoscopic 3DTV (DVB-3DTV). [Technical Specification]. Sophia Antipolis, France: ETSI. Disponible en http://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/101500_101599/101547/01.01.01_60/ts_101547v010101p.pdf
Foxtel. (2010, Septiembre 20). Foxtel announces dedicated 3D channel and new channel line-up [boletín de prensa]. Recuperado de http://www.foxtel.com.au/about-foxtel/communications/foxtel-announces-dedicated-3d-channel-and-new-channel-line-u-94874.htm
HDMI Licensing (2010). High-Definition Multimedia Interface Specification Version 1. 4a Extraction of 3D Signaling Portion. Sunnyvale, CA: HDMI Licensing
Hutchison, D. (2007). Introducing DLP 3-D TV [white paper]. Dallas, TX: Texas Instruments. Disponible en http://dlp.com/downloads/Introducing%20DLP%203D%20HDTV%20Whitepaper.pdf
International Standard Organization / International Electrotechnical Commission [ISO/IEC]. (2007). MPEG video technologies -- Part 3: Representation of auxiliary video and supplemental information. Ginebra, Suiza: ISO/IEC
iWWWTV. (2010, mayo 24). Pânico na TV HD: estréia 3D da rede TV! em 1080p [video]. Recuperado de http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhrnjamk7z4
Jackson, P. [Dir.]. (2012). The hobbit: An unexpected journey [película]. Los Ángeles, CA: New Line / MGM / Wingnut
JVC (2011, noviembre). 3D Viewing [en línea - JVC]. Recuperado de http://cdn.jvc.eu/dla-x90/feature04.html
Lanman, D., Hirsch, M., Yunhee, K., & Raskar, R. (2010). Content-adaptive parallax barriers: optimizing dual-layer 3D displays using low-rank. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 29(6), 163-173
Lobel, R. (2009, enero). Magenta-Cyan Anaglyphs [en línea - divideconcept.net). Recuperado de http://www.divideconcept.net/papers/MCA-RL09.pdf
Martín, E. (2012, mayo 19). Toshiba 55ZL2G, televisor Quad Full HD con 3D sin gafas [en línea - tuexperto.com]. Recuperado de http://www.tuexperto.com/2012/05/19/toshiba-55zl2g-televisor-quad-full-hd-con-3d-sin-gafas/
Merkle, P., Smolic, A., & Müller, K. (2007). Efficient prediction structures for multi-view video coding. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 17(11), 1461-1473.
Merkle, P., Smolic, A., Karsten, M., & Thomas, W. (2007). Efficient compression of multi-view depth data based on MVC. En 3DTV Conference, 2007 (pp.1-4). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE
Motive Television. (2011, enero 6). What is the television anytime anywareTM platform? [en línea - Motive Television]. Recuperado de http://www.motivetelevision.co.uk/english/the-platform/
Murphy, D.B., Spring, K.R., & Davidson, M.W. (2012, marzo 5). Introduction to polarized light [en línea - MicroscopyU]. Recuperado de http://www.microscopyu.com/articles/polarized/polarizedlightintro.html
Pennisi, D. (2011, diciembre 12). 3D TV service compatible frame packing format [en línea - Sisvel Technology]. Recuperado el 05 de Mayo de 2012, de Recuperado de http://www.sisveltechnology.it/media/files/3dtv/3DTV-Frame-slicing-format.pdf
Redert, A., Berretty, R.-P., Varekamp, C., Willemsen, O.,
Swillens, J., & Driessen, H. (2006). Philips 3D solutions: From content creation to visualization. Third International Symposium on 3D Data Processing, Visualization, and Transmission (3DPVT’06), (pp. 429-431). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE
Rooney, B. (2011, Enero 17). World's First Terrestrial 3D TV Service Starts in Italy. The Wall Street Journal. Recuperado de http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703583404576079753400883650.html
Röthlin, G. (2007). Mayan: A novel algorithm to create color preserving anaglyph images. Mayan: A novel algorithm to create color preserving anaglyph images. Recuperado de http://stereo.ethz.ch/Publications/Pubs, Reports and
Thesis\_files/Mayan - A novel algorithm to create color preserving anaglyph images.pdf
Spatial View. (12 de Marzo de 2012). 3DeeSlide. Recuperado de http://www.spatialview.com/product/3deeslide/
TDVision. (2009). Knowledgebase - Contribution from TDVision Inc. Recuperado de http://www.tdvision.com/WhitePapers/TDVision_Knowledgbase_Public_Release_Rev_2.pdf
Televisió de Catalunya. (2001, Julio 1). TV3 crea l'espai INNOVA, dedicat a les emissions en 3D. Recuperado de http://www.tv3.cat/actualitat/319420
Tri-Delta Group at The Technical University of Denmark. (2010, febrero 21). Anaglyphs: Yellow / Blue. Recuperado de http://nzphoto.tripod.com/sterea/anaglyphs_yb.html
TrioViz. (2012). Infocolor 3D [en línea - TriOviz for games]. Recuperado de http://trioviz-for-games.com/inficolor/
Urey, H., Chellappan, K. V., Erden, E., & Surman, P. (2011). State of the art in stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays. Proceedings of the IEEE, 99(4), 540-555
Vetro, A., Tourapis, A. M., Member, S., Müller, K., & Chen, T. (2011). 3D-TV Content Storage and Transmission. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, 57(2), 384-394
Wade, N.J. (1996). Descriptions of visual phenomena from Aristotle to Wheatstone. Perception, 25(10), 1137-1175
Withworth, D. (2010, octubre 1). Sky launches Europe's first 3D TV channel in the UK [en línea - BBC Newsbeat]. Recuperado de http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/11446978
Woods, A.J., & Yuen, K.L. (2006). Compatibility of LCD Monitors with Frame-Sequential Stereoscopic 3D Visualisation [invited paper]. En IMID/IDMC '06 Digest, The 6th International Meeting on Information Display, and The 5th International Display Manufacturing Conference, Daegu, South
Korea, 22-25 August 2006, (pp. 98-102). Seúl, Corea: Korean Information Display Society
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2013-06-30
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Esta publicação está licenciada sob os termos da licença CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.pt_BR).
