Spatial Analysis of the Dynamics of Financial Inclusion and Poverty in Mexico

Abstract

This article studies the relationship between financial inclusion and poverty across Mexican municipalities, using a spatial approach to identify geographic patterns and territorial correlations. A synthetic index of financial inclusion was constructed based on the dimensions of access and use, then, an exploratory spatial data analysis was applied to detect significant clusters and regional disparities. Subsequently, a lagged spatial regression model was estimated to analyze spatial dependence. The results show that greater financial inclusion is associated with lower poverty levels, an effect that is also transmitted to neighboring municipalities. These findings reinforce the need for public policies with a territorial approach that promote financial infrastructure in vulnerable regions.