MANET: ventajas, retos y aplicaciones para la educación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18046/syt.v15i43.2764Palabras clave:
MANET, redes ad-hoc, protocolos de enrutamiento, educación virtual.Resumen
En la actualidad, las telecomunicaciones son fundamentales para el desarrollo de las actividades en las que se desenvuelve el hombre. Sin embargo, hay ocasiones en que ellas son imposibles debido a la ausencia de infraestructura –antenas, routers y switches–. Las Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks [MANET]) son una tecnología que ha adquirido importancia en el campo de las redes inalámbricas gracias a que no dependen de infraestructura y ofrecen una total libertad de movilidad. Este artículo tiene como fin evidenciar su desarrollo; introducir conceptos básicos de ellas, sus características, ventajas, retos y modos de operación; y mostrar su utilidad práctica, con énfasis en actividades cotidianas, como la educación.
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Kaur, H., Sahni, V., & Bala, M. (2013). A survey of reactive, proactive and hybrid routing protocols in MANET: A review. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, 4(3), 498-500.
Kaur, S., & Sharma, C. (2013). An overview of mobile ad hoc network: Application, challenges and comparison of routing protocols. IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 11(5), 7-11.
Ko, Y. & Vaidya, N. (2000). Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks. Wireless Networks, 6, 307-321.
Köning -Ries, B. & Klein, M. (2002). Information services to support e-learning in ad-hoc networks. In: First International Workshop on Wireless Information Systems (WIS2002). Retrieved from: http://fusion.cs.uni-jena.de/fusion/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/wis.pdf
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Lara, R., Olmedo, G., & Rodríguez, L. (S.F). Evaluación de protocolos de enrutamiento usados en las redes móviles Ad hoc (MANET), utilizando el software Network Simulator NS-2. Recuperado de: https://www.academia.edu/4734203/Evaluaci%C3%B3n_de_Protocolos_de_Enrutamiento_usados_en_las_Redes_M%C3%B3viles_AdHoc_MANET
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Bang, A., & Ramteke, P. (2013). MANET: History, challenges and applications. International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management, 2, 251.
Basagni, S., Chlamtac, I., Syrotiuk, V. R., & Woodward, B. A. (1998). A distance routing effect algorithm for mobility (DREAM). In Proceedings of the 4th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking, (pp. 76-84). New York, NY: ACM.
Bertolín, A. (2012). Análisis de riesgos y contramedidas en redes MANET. Revista Española de Electrónica, 687, 62.
Betancur, L. (2011). Body Area Network: a perspective to the future, from research. Sistemas & Telemática, 9(16), 11-30. doi: 10.18046/syt.v9i16.1027.
Bokotey, D., Mason, A., & Morrow, R. (2003). CCIE practical studies. Indianapolis, IN: Cisco.
Chaamwe, N. & Shumba, L. (2014). e-Learning using wireless ad-hoc networks to support teaching and learning in rural Zambia. Proceedings and Report of the 7Th Ubuntunet Alliance Annual Conference, 1(1), 51-58.
Chalmeta, J. (2009). Estudio y análisis de prestaciones de redes móviles Ad Hoc mediante simulaciones NS-2 para validar modelos analíticos [tesis de doctorado]. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Telecomunicaciones de Barcelona: España.
Chang, Z., Gaydadjiev, G., & Vassiliadis, S. (2005). Routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks: current development and evaluation. In Annual Workshop on Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing (pp. 489-494).
Cho, K. (2005). Technologies for advanced heterogeneous networks. Berlin, Germany: Springer.
Clausen, T. & Jacquet, P. (2003, October). Optimized link state routing protocol (OLSR). IETF. Retrieved from: https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3626.txt
Díaz, J. F., Marrone, L. A., Barbieri, A., & Robles, M. (2010). Ruteo en redes ad-hoc. En: XII Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la Computación, (pp. 18-21). RedUNCI
Draves Jr, R. P., Zill, B. D., & Padhye, J. D. (2008). U.S. Patent No. 7,376,122. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Echaiz, J., Davicino, P., & Ardenghi, J. (2012). Seguridad en MANETs. En: XIV Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la Computación, (pp. 758-762). Recuperado de: http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/bitstream/handle/10915/19322/Documento_completo.pdf?sequence=1)
Frikha, M. (2011). Ad hoc networks routing, QoS and optimization. London, UK: ISTE.
Frodigh, M., Johansson, P., & Larsson, P. (2000). Formación de redes inalámbricas ad hoc: el arte de la formación de redes sin red. Ericsson Review, 4, 252.
García, B. (2009). Gabinetes de comunicación on line. Sevilla, España: Comunicación Social.
García, Ó., Tapia, D. I., Rodríguez, S., & Corchado, J. M. (2010, June). Ambient intelligence application scenario for collaborative e-learning. In International Conference on Industrial, Engineering and Other Applications of Applied Intelligent Systems (pp. 407-416). Berlin, Germany: Springer.
Gerla, M., Hong, X., & Ma, L. (2003, November 22). Landmark routing protocol (LANMAR) for large scale ad hoc networks. Recuperado de: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-manet-lanmar-05
Gerla, M., Hong, X., & Pei, G. (2002, June 17). Fisheye State Routing protocol (FSR) for ad hoc networks. Recuperado de: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-manet-fsr-03
Ghosekar, P., Katkar, G., & Ghorpade, P. (2010). Mobile ad hoc networking: imperatives and challenges. IJCA, Special Issue on MANETs, 3, 153-158.
Ghosh, A., Lasebae, A., & Ever, E. (2009). Performance evaluation of wireless IEEE 802.11 (b) used for ad-hoc networks in an e-learning classroom network. Kaspersky International Cybercrime Conference, 3(1), 49-55.
González, C. (2012). Estudio de los protocolos de routing y el impacto de la movilidad en MANETs [tesis]. Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya: Barcelona, España.
Gregory, O. (2015). Enhanceing access to education through mobile learning. International Journal of Emerging Technology & Research, 2(5), 1-4.
Grew, P., & Pagani, E. (2005, June). Towards a wireless architecture for mobile ubiquitous e-Learning. In Proc. Intl. Workshop on Learning Communities in the Era of Ubiquitous Computing (pp. 20-29).
Gupta, A., Sadawarti, H., & Verma, A. (2010). Performance analysis of AODV, DSR & TORA routing protocols. IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2(2), 226.
Helen, D. & Arivazhagan, D. (2014). Applications, advantages and challenges of ad hoc networks. Journal of Academia and Industrial Research, 2(8), 453-456.
Hong, X., Nguyen, N., Liu, S., & Teng, Y. (2014). Dynamic group support in LANMAR routing ad hoc networks. In: 4th International Workshop on Mobile and Wireless Communications Network. IEEE. doi:10.1109/MWCN.2002.1045742
Ishibashi, B. & Boutaba, R. (2005). Topology and mobility considerations in mobile ad hoc networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 3(6), 762-776.
Jacquet, P., Muhlethaler, P., Clausen, T., Laouiti, A., Qayyum, A., & Viennot, L. (2001). Optimized link state routing protocol for ad hoc networks. In Multi Topic Conference, 2001. IEEE INMIC 2001. Technology for the 21st Century. Proceedings. (pp. 62-68). IEEE.
Jamwal, D., Kumar-Sharma, K., & Chauhan, S. (2015). Zone routing protocol. International Journal of Recent Research Aspects, 1, 16-20.
Johnson, D., Hu, Y., & Maltz, D. (2007, February). The Dynamic Source Routing protocol (DSR) for mobile ad hoc networks for IPv4. Retrieved from: https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4728.txt
Kaur, H., Sahni, V., & Bala, M. (2013). A survey of reactive, proactive and hybrid routing protocols in MANET: A review. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, 4(3), 498-500.
Kaur, S., & Sharma, C. (2013). An overview of mobile ad hoc network: Application, challenges and comparison of routing protocols. IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 11(5), 7-11.
Ko, Y. & Vaidya, N. (2000). Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks. Wireless Networks, 6, 307-321.
Köning -Ries, B. & Klein, M. (2002). Information services to support e-learning in ad-hoc networks. In: First International Workshop on Wireless Information Systems (WIS2002). Retrieved from: http://fusion.cs.uni-jena.de/fusion/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/wis.pdf
Kumar, M. A., Selvarani, R., & Kumar, T. (Eds.). (2013). Proceedings of International Conference on Advances in Computing. New Delhi, India: Springer.
Lara, R., Olmedo, G., & Rodríguez, L. (S.F). Evaluación de protocolos de enrutamiento usados en las redes móviles Ad hoc (MANET), utilizando el software Network Simulator NS-2. Recuperado de: https://www.academia.edu/4734203/Evaluaci%C3%B3n_de_Protocolos_de_Enrutamiento_usados_en_las_Redes_M%C3%B3viles_AdHoc_MANET
_utilizando_el_software_Network_Simulator_ns-2
Latiff, L. A., & Fisal, N. (2003). Routing protocols in wireless mobile ad hoc network-a review. In Communications, 2003. APCC 2003. The 9th Asia-Pacific Conference on (Vol. 2, pp. 600-604). IEEE.
López, J., Barceló, J. M., & García-Vidal, J. (2005). Ventajas de usar subredes en una red ad-hoc con nodos móviles. En: Proc. of XV Jornadas Telecom i+ d. Madrid, España: ETSIT.
Murazzo, M., Rodríguez, N., & Martínez, M. (2008). Evaluación del retardo de los protocolos de ruteo reactivos para redes MANET. Revista de Ingeniería Electrónica, Automática y Comunicaciones, 29(1), 28-35.
Neumann, A., Aichele, C., Lindner, M., & Wunderlich, S. (2008, March 30). Better approach to mobile ad-hoc networking (BATMAN). Retrieved from: https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-openmesh-b-a-t-m-a-n-00
Nielsen. (2014). The digital customer. (2014). Recuperado de: http://www.nielsen.com/content/dam/corporate/us/en/reports-downloads/2014%20Reports/the-digital-consumer-report-feb-2014.pdf
Nikaein, N., Labiod, H., & Bonnet, C. (2000, November). DDR: distributed dynamic routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing (pp. 19-27). IEEE.
Orozco, A., Llano, G., & Michoud, R. (2012). Redes vehiculares Ad-hoc: aplicaciones basadas en simulación. Ingenium, 6(12), 11-22. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21774/ing.v6i12.51
Orozco, A., Michoud, R., & Llano, G. (2013). Routing protocols simulation for efficiency applications in vehicular environments. Sistemas & Telemática, 11(27), 27-42. doi:10.18046/syt.v11i27.1693
Park, V., & Corson, S. (2001, July). Temporally-Ordered Routing Algorithm (TORA). Version 1. Functional specification. Ietf.org. Retrieved from: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/53/I-D/draft-ietf-manet-tora-spec-04.txt
Parker, J. (2011). Observation techniques for detecting malicious behavior in ad hoc networks [thesis]. University of Maryland: Baltimore, MD.
Pérez, J. (2012). Protocolos de encaminamiento IP en dispositivos móviles para crear redes MANETs [tesis]. Universidad de Granada: España.
Perkins, C. E. & Bhagwat, P. (1994, Octubre). Highly dynamic destination-sequenced distance-vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers. In ACM SIGCOMM computer communication review, (pp. 234-244). New York, NY: ACM.
Perkins, C., Belding-Royer, E., & Das, S. (2003a, July). RFC 3561 - Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing. Retrieved from: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3561
Perkins, C., Belding-Royer, E., & Das S. (2003b, July). Ad-hoc on-demand distance vector routing. Retrieved from: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3561.txt
Rabbi, F. & Arefin, A. (2006). E-learning using wireless ad-hoc network to support people of rural areas. International Conference on Communication Technology, 1(1), 1-4.
Ramasubramanian, V., Haas, Z. J., & Sirer, E. G. (2003, June). SHARP: A hybrid adaptive routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing (pp. 303-314). ACM.
Rey, L. C., Quiñones, T. O. L., & García, W. B. (2014a). Protocolos de enrutamiento aplicables a redes MANET. Revista Telem@ tica, 13(3), 59-74.
Rey, L. C., Quiñones, T. O. L., & García, W. B. (2014b). Selección del protocolo de enrutamiento para la implementación de una MANET. En Proceedings of VIII Congreso Internacional de Telecomunicaciones y Telemática (CITTEL 2014) (pp. 1235-1245).
Rico, D. (2013). Propuesta de un modelo de evaluación de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en entornos e-learning. Ingenium, 7(16), 25-38. doi:10.21774/ing.v7i16.265
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2017-12-06
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