Empatía en autismo: concepto y medición
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18046/recs.i25.2707Palabras clave:
Empatía, Autismo, Neuropsicología, Cognición, Afecto, Áreas cerebralesResumen
Esta revisión analiza la aproximación conceptual y la medición de la empatía en los trastornos del espectro autista. La empatía es un constructo que tiene diversas aproximaciones y abordajes en las ciencias cognitivas. Se puede determinar que existen diversas concepciones de empatía. Estudios muestran una dicotomía en el procesamiento de la empatía en sujetos con autismo, sugiriendo un déficit de empatía en el funcionamiento cognitivo, pero no en el afectivo. En el estudio de estas áreas se encuentra una tendencia en el uso de auto-reportes, cuestionarios, y tareas de teoría de la mente. De otro lado, las mediciones cerebrales han mostrado una activación atípica en la corteza prefrontal derecha, la unión temporoparietal, la corteza insular y el giro fusiforme.
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